The Biafra Lobby: international civil society patronage in the Biafran secession conflict, 1967–70

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article sheds light on the partisan involvement of non-state networks in secession conflicts. Building on the patron–client relations framework, it develops a concept of civil society patronage that allows zooming into the relationship between secessionist movements and their allies in international civil society. This framework is then applied to the Biafra conflict (1967–70) and the activities of the so-called ‘Biafra Lobby’ in the United States to examine the motives, instruments and impact of support. The study offers a fresh perspective on the international relations of secessionist movements and demonstrates the benefits and also the limitations of non-state support.