The best anthropometric indices for predicting the incidence of hypertension

Abstract

Resistant hypertension (RH) is a multifactorial and polygenic condition frequently associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Leptin a hormone produced by adipose tissue has been related to the lack of blood pressure control as well as target organ damage in RH subjects. Moreover, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7799039 and rs1137101 in leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) coding genes, respectively, were associated with cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. This study evaluated the association of these two SNPs -2548G/A and +668A/G with clinical and biochemical features in RH subjects. This cross-sectional study comprised 60 RH patients genotyped for both polymorphisms by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction method using fluorescent TaqMan probes. We compared GG (n1⁄446) vs. AA (n1⁄414) for rs7799039 and AA (n1⁄434) vs. GG (n1⁄426) genotypes for rs1137101. Leptin levels were measured by ELISA and bioimpedance estimated the body composition. Target organ damages were determined by echocardiography, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and microalbuminuria. The both SNPs did not change leptin levels. On the other hand, LEP SNP modulated the levels of glycated hemoglobin (6.4 1.4 vs.7.8 2.3 %, p1⁄40.03), insulin (8.6 4.6 vs. 30.6 27.7 uUI/mL, p1⁄40.01), HDLcholesterol (51 16 vs. 39 11 mg/dL, p1⁄40.001) and PWV (9.5 2.1 vs. 11.2 2.8 m/s, p1⁄40.03). As the same way, LEPR SNP modulated heart rate (69 12 vs. 67 12 bpm, p1⁄40.03), fat mass (31 11 vs. 24 8 Kg, p1⁄40.03) and triglycerides levels (175 69 vs. 135 75 mg/dL, p1⁄40.03). The -2548G/A and +668A/G modulated some clinical and biochemical traits in RH subjects, although were not associated with leptin levels.