The Beneficial Role of Filipendula ulmaria Extract in Prevention of Prodepressant Effect and Cognitive Impairment Induced by Nanoparticles of Calcium Phosphates in Rats.

Marko Zivanovic,Dragica Selakovic,Jelena Grujic,Natalija Arsenijevic,Vladimir Mihailovic,Jelena S. Katanic Stankovic,Nemanja Jovicic,Pavle Milanovic,Madhukar Saxena,Slobodanka Mitrovic,Gvozden Rosic,Jovana Milenkovic,Snezana D. Markovic,Miroslav Vasovic

doi:10.1155/2021/6670135

Marko Zivanovic, Dragica Selakovic + Show 12 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6670135

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Abstract

Mineral components of dental composites are used in many medical and dental applications, including preventive, restorative, and regenerative dentistry. To evaluate the behavioural alterations induced by nanosized particles of novel dental composites, by means of depressive level and cognitive functions, experimental groups of rats were chronically administered with nanosized hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) with or without simultaneous application of Filipendula ulmaria L. (FU) methanolic extract. The significant prodepressant action was observed in groups solely treated with HA and ACP. Besides, prolonged treatment with ACP also resulted in a significant decline in cognitive functions estimated in the novel object recognition test. The adverse impact of calcium phosphates on estimated behavioural functions was accompanied by increased oxidative damage and apoptotic markers in the prefrontal cortex, as well as diminished specific neurotrophin (BDNF) and gabaergic expression. The results of our investigation showed that simultaneous antioxidant supplementation with FU extract prevented calcium phosphate-induced behavioural disturbances, as well as prooxidative and apoptotic actions, with the simultaneous restoration of BDNF and GABA-A receptors in the prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that FU may be useful in the prevention of prodepressant impact and cognitive decline as early as the manifestation of calcium phosphate-induced neurotoxicity.

Highlights

Calcium phosphate (CaP) compounds are widely used in preventive, restorative, and regenerative treatments in various fields of medicine [1]
The animals were randomised into seven equal groups (6 rats per group): control group; groups that orally received CaP nanoparticles in a daily dose of hydroxyapatite (17.8 mg/kg b.w.)—HA, tricalcium phosphate hydrate (11 mg/kg b.w.)—TCP, amorphous calcium phosphate (9.65 mg/kg b.w.)—ACP, solely, or simultaneously with F. ulmaria extract (100 mg/kg b.w.)—HA+Filipendula ulmaria L. (FU), TCP+FU, and ACP+FU group
This prodepressant action of both nano-CaPs was successfully prevented by the antioxidant supplementation with FU extract that diminished the decline in the latency to the first immobility for both nano-HA and nano-ACP

Summary

Introduction

Calcium phosphate (CaP) compounds are widely used in preventive, restorative, and regenerative treatments in various fields of medicine [1]. Secondary caries develops as a consequence of the imperfection of composite materials, the impact of the filling to the solid dental tissues is the most often passive. One way to prevent the recurrence of caries is to provide a high concentration of Ca2+ and PO43- dissolved in saliva. These ions originate from the mineral component of dental composites, which creates conditions for the remineralization of tissues that directly surround the filling [4]. In order to increase the remineralization potential, bioactive dental composites usually contain CaPs in the form of nanoparticles [8]

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