Abstract
A low temperature chemical vapor deposition method is described for converting CH 4 into high-quality carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using a Ni catalyst supported on either spinel or perovskite oxides in the presence of CO 2. The addition of CO 2 has a significant influence on CNF purity and stability, while the CNF diameter distribution is significantly narrowed. Ultimately, the addition of CO 2 changes the CNF structure from fishbone fibers to thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes. A new “ in situ” cooling principle taking into account dry reforming chemistry and thermodynamics is introduced to account for the structural effects of CO 2.
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