Abstract
The Benedicks effect is the voltage difference between two points in a solid that are at the same temperature. A nonzero value may be obtained if the temperature profile between the points is asymmetric. We derive the nonlocal transport theory of a metal from the Boltzmann equation, and use the results to discuss the Benedicks effect. The nonlocal theory is needed whenever the electron mean free path has the same size as variations in the gradients of the voltage, temperature, or chemical potential.
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