The behavioral risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Abstract Background Behavioral risk factors are one of the significant problems in Public health around the world. The authors of the current research are involved in The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, which provides a graded and complete estimation of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden. Methods Relative risks we assessed as a function of exposure based on issued systematic reviews for the GBD 2019 study and meta-regression. The exposure levels for each year, age, gender, location included in the survey we calculated based on all available data sources using Gaussian Spatio-temporal regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, Bayesian meta-regression method. Results Behavioral risk factors determine a loss of 42.2% DALYs (56% in males and 28.5% in females) from all non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the Russian Federation. It causes 49% of all NCD-related deaths (62% in males and 37% in females). The main burden came from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Behavioral risk factors affect 60% of DALYs (71.5% in males and 47.6% in females) burden and determine 54% of all NCD deaths (67% in males and 44.5% in females). In second place are neoplasms determined by behavioral risk factors on 39% of DALYs (51.6% in males and 23.6% in females) and 38% of deaths (53% in males and 22% in females). Conclusions Behavioral risk factors are one of Russia's most critical public health challenges; they affect about half of the loss of health of the population from non-communicable diseases. The appropriate policies for preventing non-communicable diseases that include consideration of behavioral risk factors, it is possible to achieve excellent results in preventing premature mortality and loss of public health. We have a great potential to reduce health losses from NCD in Russia. Key messages The behavioral risk factors determine almost half of all NCD-related deaths in the Russian Federation. Males in Russia are more susceptible to behavioral risk factors than females.