Abstract
Publisher Summary Mast cells contain antibodies and respond to antigen in anaphylaxis by presenting striking cytological changes with a consequent release of pharmacologically active substances. The anaphylactic phenomenon is the result of antigen–antibody reactions involving different sensitized cells and causing multiple responses according to the types of cells involved in the reaction. Thus, there should exist for each type of cell, a specific anaphylactic response depending upon the physiological characteristic of the cell hit by the antigen–antibody reaction. The mast cell plays a very important role in guinea pig anaphylaxis because of the known high sensitivity of this species to histamine, but an insignificant role in rat anaphylaxis because of the low sensitivity of this species to histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. In both species, the reaction of antigen with antibodies fixed on the mast cells induces damage to these cells, which causes histamine liberation. The chapter also discusses the mechanism of the anaphylactic release of histamine from the mast cells.
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