Abstract
Stilbenes are plant phenolic secondary metabolites that show beneficial effects on human health and possess high antifungal activity against plant pathogens. Currently, a search for plant sources with high stilbene levels is relevant, since stilbene content in various plant species can vary substantially and is often at a low level. In this paper, the bark and wood of Picea jezoensis were analyzed for the content and composition of stilbenes and compared with other known stilbene sources. The HPLC-MS analysis of P. jezoensis bark and wood extracted with different solvents and at different temperatures revealed the presence of 11 and 5 stilbenes, respectively. The highest number of stilbenes of 171 and 229 mg per g of the dry weight (mg/g DW) was extracted from the bark of P. jezoensis using methanol or ethanol at 60 °C for 2 h. Trans-astringin, trans-piceid, and trans-isorhapontin prevailed over other stilbenoids (99% of all detected stilbenes). The most abundant stilbene was trans-isorhapontin, reaching 217 mg/g DW or 87% of all stilbenes. An increase in the extraction time from 2 to 6 h did not considerably increase the detected level of stilbenes, while lower extraction temperatures (20 and 40 °C) significantly lowered stilbene yield. The content of stilbenes in the P. jezoensis bark considerably exceeded stilbene levels in other stilbene-producing plant species. The present data revealed that the bark of P. jezoensis is a rich source of stilbenes (primarily trans-isorhapontin) and provided effective stilbene extraction procedures.
Highlights
Plant secondary metabolites possess valuable biologically active properties and are applied directly as drugs or as raw materials for further modifications [1,2]
We decided to analyze the content of stilbenes in the bark, needles, and wood of P. jezoensis using HPLC-MS-UV after ethanol extraction, which is a standard extraction procedure for stilbenes from the plant material
163.02 ± 6.36 a stilbenes have been detected in plants of more than 30 families, only four plant families were able to accumulate more than 10 mg per g of the dry weight (mg/g DW) of stilbenes [6]
Summary
Plant secondary metabolites possess valuable biologically active properties and are applied directly as drugs or as raw materials for further modifications [1,2]. Studying the composition and content of secondary metabolites in the plant material promotes the discovery of new rich sources of valuable biologically active compounds and the development of new effective metabolite production methods [2,3]. With the moststudied compound resveratrol (3,5,40 -trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), occupy a special place among the secondary metabolites of plants due to their well-known beneficial biological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cardio-protective, neuroprotective, phytoestrogenic, and radioprotective properties [4,5,6,7,8]
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