Abstract
About 350 species of New Zealand vascular plants were collected by Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander during Cook's Endeavour voyage in 1769. Although the botanical results of the expedition were never published, the collections provide a vital benchmark for understanding the New Zealand flora. European colonisation resulted in massive changes, with plant introductions from all over the world. Just 240 years after the voyage, the number of naturalised plants exceeds that of natives. The Endeavour collections provide a verifiable record of plants growing in New Zealand before European settlement. These are assumed to be indigenous, except for a few species brought by Polynesian migration. Today the specimens continue to influence taxonomic research, and are admired by herbarium visitors as a tangible connection with Cook's visit.
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