The Balance 2∙f (O) – f (H) as a Cornerstone in Formulation of Electrolytic Systems

Anna M Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk,Tadeusz Michałowski,Ashish Kumar

doi:10.14302/issn.2377-2549.jndc-18-2177

Abstract

The Generalized Electron Balance (GEB) concept, related to electrolytic redox systems, is considered according to principles of Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems (GATES). Two equivalent Approaches (I and II) to GEB are presented. The Approach I, when perceived in convention of the card game, is based on the common pool of electrons as money, introduced by electron-active elements, named as players; electron-non-active elements are called there as fans. The GEB obtained according to Approach II results from the linear combination f12 = 2∙f(O) – f(H) of elemental balances: f1 = f(H) for H, and f2 = f(O) for O. Very important properties of f12 are presented here in details, and illustrated by a redox system where comproportion- ation reactions occur

Highlights

The linear combination f12 = 2⋅f(O) – f(H) of elemental balances: f1 = f(H) for H, and f2 = f(O) for O, can be formulated for electrolytic redox and non-redox systems, of any degree of complexity, where charge (f0 = ChB) and elemental/core balances fk = f(Yk) for Yk ≠ H, O (k≥3, ..., K) are formulated, according to Generalized approach to redox systems (GATES) principles
The Generalized Electron Balance (GEB) obtained according to Approach II results from the linear combination f12 = 2∙f(O) – f(H) of elemental balances: f1 = f(H) for H, and f2 = f(O) for O
For a non-redox system, the LC is expressed by identity, 0 = 0, i.e., f12 is linearly dependent on f0, f3, ..., fK, and For a redox system, LC is expressed by equation different from the identity, i.e., f12 is the new balance in the redox system

Summary

Introduction

Electrolytic (redox and non-redox) systems are formulated according to the GATES principles [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40] For this purpose, the set of K+1 balances f0, f1, f2, f3, ..., fK is obtained. The pH-ranges covered by the titration curves are gradually narrowed; it is an effect in growth of dynamic buffer capacity of the related redox systems [32]

Concluding remarks

46. Standard hydrogen electrode