Abstract
OBJECTIVE:To determine whether there is any influence of systemic arterial hypertension on the peripheral auditory system.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study that investigated 40 individuals between 30 and 50 years old, who were divided into groups with and without systemic arterial hypertension, using data from high-frequency audiometry, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions. The results were compared with those from groups of normal-hearing individuals, with and without systemic arterial hypertension, who underwent the pure-tone audiometry test. All individuals also underwent the following procedures: otoscopy, acoustic immittance measures, pure-tone audiometry at frequencies from 250 to 16000 Hz, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions test and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions test.RESULTS:No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups with and without systemic arterial hypertension in either conventional or high-frequency audiometry. Regarding transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions, there was a trend toward statistical significance whereby the systemic arterial hypertension group showed lower results. Regarding distortion-product otoacoustic emissions, the systemic arterial hypertension group showed significantly lower results at the following frequencies: 1501, 2002, and 3003 Hz. A discriminant analysis indicated that the distortion-product otoacoustic emissions variables best distinguished individuals with and without systemic arterial hypertension.CONCLUSION:Data from this study suggest cochlear dysfunction in individuals with systemic arterial hypertension because their otoacoustic emission results were lower than those in the systemic arterial hypertension group.
Highlights
Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a silent disease, some individuals experience headaches, dizziness, tinnitus, chest pain, and weakness associated with the condition
There was no statistically significant difference between ears when comparing conventional and highfrequency audiometry (Hotelling’s T2 test - p-value=0.54). For this analysis, the standard profile was that of a 43-year-old woman without systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) (Table 1)
Agarwal et al [8] evaluated three groups divided into different grades of SAH and the mean disease duration ranged from 3.7 to 9.0 years
Summary
Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a silent disease, some individuals experience headaches, dizziness, tinnitus, chest pain, and weakness associated with the condition. SAH may involve secondary hearing changes [1,2]. SAH could occur because these factors cause or potentiate hearing loss [6]
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