Abstract
An overview of the tracking detectors of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC is presented. The ATLAS tracking system is composed of a pixel detector, a silicon micro-strip tracker and a straw tube transition radiation tracker. The CMS tracking system features an all-silicon layout consisting of a pixel detector and a silicon micro-strip tracker. These detectors are designed to operate with a 40 MHz bunch crossing frequency in a high particle flux density and extreme radiation environment.
Highlights
The LHC is a proton-proton collider with a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 14 TeV and a bunch crossing time of 25 ns
ATLAS and CMS are the two general purpose experiments which will be operated at the LHC, and these have been designed to explore the full range of physics that can be accessed at LHC energies
This will result in track densities which can be as high as 10 tracks per cm2 per bunch crossing at a radius of 2 cm
Summary
The Pixel detector is composed of three cylindrical barrel layers and two pairs of disks in the end-caps, such that three points are measured per tracks for |η| < 2.2. The three layers are located at radii of 4.4 cm, 7.5 cm and 10.2 cm, and in the end-caps, the two pairs of disks are located at |z| = 34.5 cm and 46.5 cm. The barrel layers are composed of ladders,each composed of eight modules These modules have an active area of 16 × 66 mm, read out by 16 readout chips (ROC), bump-bonded to the sensors, each reading out an array of 52 × 53 pixels. The end-cap disks are turbine disks consisting of 24 blades, each rotated by 20◦ to ensure higher track inclinations and a higher Lorentz angle, improving charge sharing. The ROC features a fully analog readout, providing pixel pulse height information and analog coded row/column addresses
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