The Atherogenic Index of Plasma Treated with Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.)

Abstract

Red guava contains fiber especially high soluble fiber (pectin). Soluble fiber in the body is hypocholesterolemia. This research aimed to know the effect of administering red guava on AIP (Atherogenic Index of Plasma) in hypocholesterolemia rats. This research was a pure experiment using the design of randomized pretest-posttest control group design to Sprague Dawley rats made into hypocholesterolemia. The rats were divided into four groups: group 1 given standard food, group 2, 3, and 4 given high cholesterol food. Group 3 and 4 were added with red guava powder as many as 0.72 g and pectin equal to the one in red guava powder. Lipid profile was checked by using Enzymatic Colorimetric Test CHOP-PAP and GPO-PAP including the rate of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. AIP was counted based on log (TG/HDL). The data analysis used t-test and ANOVA with a 0.05 significance level. The administration of red guava in hypocholesterolemia rats was significantly proven to be able to lower lipid profile by lowering total cholesterol (32%), LDL (43%), triglycerides (18%),and by increasing HDL (18%). These results were similar to the decrease by administering pectin as many as 32%, 47%, and 20% respectively. The results of counting AIP showed that the administration of red guava and pectin could lower AIP score significantly as many as 0.16 and 0.17 respectively which increased in the groups getting high cholesterol food. The administration of red guava in hypocholesterolemia rats was proven to be able to lower AIP.