The associations of gender, depression and elder mistreatment in a community-dwelling Chinese population: The modifying effect of social support

Abstract

The aims of this study are to: (1) examine the gender differences in the association of depression and elder mistreatment (EM) in a community-dwelling Chinese population; and (2) examine the potential differential modifying effect of greater social support on these associations. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 141 women and 270 men aged 60 years or greater who presented to an urban medical center. EM was assessed using the modified Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale (VASS) and depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and overall social support was measured using the Social Support Index (SSI). After adjusting for potential confounders, depression was associated with 447% increased risk for EM among men (odds ratio, OR = 4.47; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.52–13.13) and 854% increased risk for EM among women (OR = 8.54; 95% CI = 2.85–25.57). After examining the effect of greater social support on depression (social support × depression), depression was no longer associated with increased risk for EM in men (parameter estimate = PE = 0.62 ± 0.82 (±S.E.M.) = 0.82, p = 0.454). However, among women, depression remained as a significant risk factor for EM (PE = 1.49 ± 0.68, p = 0.029). Depression is significant risk factor for EM for both men and women. However, effect of greater overall social support may have higher protective effect in men than in women.