Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become an important issue in the healthcare systems of both developed and developing countries. Phytoestrogens have shown estrogenic effects, which may involve in the etiology of MetS. The current study consisted of 293 MetS cases and 264 healthy controls. The concentrations of seven plasma phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein, glycitein, equol, enterolactone, enterodiol and coumestrol) were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. Adjusted unconditional logistic regression was used to assess the associations between plasma phytoestrogens concentration and risks of MetS, as well as the associations between plasma phytoestrogens concentration and MetS components. Linear regression was used to evaluate the associations between equol concentration in equol-producers and MetS components. Higher concentrations of total isoflavone and equol were associated with decreased risk of MetS. The equol concentration was negatively associated with waist circumference and positively associated with HDL-C level. Increased daidzein was associated with both lower waist circumference and lower fasting blood glucose levels. Our results suggested that higher plasma total isoflavone, equol and daidzein might decrease MetS risk.
Highlights
In the past few years, obesity and some of its related disorders, including type 2 diabetes, increased triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol/decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which were referred as metabolic syndrome (MetS) [1], have become an important issue in the healthcare systems of developed and developing countries
We aimed to study the associations between blood phytoestrogens concentration and MetS risks in a Chinese population, hypothesizing that higher concentrations of phytoestrogens in blood were associated with lower risks of MetS
Higher equol concentration was associated with decreased risk of low HDL-C (P for trend = 0.036), and the OR for the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile was 0.59 (95%CI: 0.36, 0.82). In this case-control study of plasma phytoestrogens concentration and MetS risks in Chinese population, we found a statistically significant negative association between plasma total isoflavone concentration and MetS risks
Summary
In the past few years, obesity and some of its related disorders, including type 2 diabetes, increased triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol/decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which were referred as metabolic syndrome (MetS) [1], have become an important issue in the healthcare systems of developed and developing countries. Plasma phytoestrogens and metabolic syndrome in Chinese population observational studies, using food frequency questionnaires to estimate soy intakes, showed that soy intake might have protective effects on MetS or cardiovascular diseases [3, 4]. Isoflavone and lignan are metabolized by intestinal bacteria into biologically active forms after most of them are consumed as glycoside. Their binding capacity to the estrogen receptors is much lower than endogenous estrogens; but considering about their higher levels in blood, phytoestrogens can provide a strong biological effect in our body [11]. Several clinical studies reported that phytoestrogens had no significant effects on some parameters of MetS [18,19,20]
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