Abstract
Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is associated with progressive disability, systemic complications and early death. Etiology of RA is unknown. It is assumed that environmental factors initiate RA development in genetically susceptible individuals. Epstein- Barr Virus (EBV) stimulates polyclonal B cell activation and has been suggested to play a role in RA pathogenesis. Current study aimed to study the association between EBV and RA. Methods: One hundred and sixty subjects were enrolled in the study. Eighty individuals were clinically diagnosed to have RA and confirmed by anti-CCP3 test. The remaining 80 individuals were healthy controls matched for age and sex. Serum IgG and IgM antibodies against EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The crude prevalence rate of EBV-VCA IgM antibodies among patients was (21.2%) while in healthy individuals was (8.7%) with significant OR equals to 2.8 times for RA patient's. The female prevalence rate of EBV-VCA IgM antibodies was (21.8%) higher than of male (18.7%). The female prevalence rate of EBV-VCA IgG antibodies was (95.3%) higher than of male (75%). EBV-VCA IgG and IgM antibodies titers were elevated in RA patients than in healthy controls. However, the causative relationship between EBV and RA is complex and involves different mechanisms. Conclusion: In conclusion, high titers of EBV antibodies are associated with RA. However, the causative relationship between EBV and autoimmune diseases is complex and involves different mechanisms. Peer Review History: Received 16 August; Revised 28 August; Accepted 5 September, Available online 15 September 2017 Academic Editor: Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Princess Nourah bint abdulrahman university, Riyadh, amalbgadley@pnu.edu.sa UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Mujde Eryilmaz, Ankara University,Turkey, meryilmaz@ankara.edu.tr Dr. Tamer Elhabibi, Suez Canal University, Egypt, tamer_hassan@pharm.suez.edu.eg Similar Articles: SEROPREVALENCE OF ANTI-MANNOSE BINDING LECTIN AUTOANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN SANA'A CITY- YEMEN
Highlights
As regard to the age, the serum Epstein- Barr Virus (EBV)-viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgM antibodies in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were highest at the age group of 40-49, years in which the rate was (30%), followed by the age group of ≥50 years (25%), the age group of 30-39 years
When we compared the crude prevalence rate of EBV IgM antibodies among cases and controls we found that the crude prevalence rate among RA patients was 21.2% while among controls was 8.7%
When we compared the crude prevalence times, and this association was ranged from 1.2 up to 9.2, with significant χ2(6.6) and statistically p equals to rate of EBV IgG antibodies among cases and controls we found that the crude prevalence rate among RA
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder which is common among females at an older age. RA genetic susceptibility is carried by HLA-DRB1* alleles containing the QK/RRAA or RRRAA motif in their third hyper variable region This motif is known as the shared epitope[4]. EBV is a double-stranded DNA herpes virus that is extremely common worldwide, infecting about 98% of the human population by the age of 40 years[6]. The specimens were allowed to diagnosis, were found to react with a citrullinated clot at room temperature and centrifuged at 3500 rpm sequence of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1),supporting the association between EBV and RA14.
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