Abstract
BackgroundOsteosarcopenia, defined as sarcopenia plus osteopenia/osteoporosis, may increase the risk of fractures and affects morbidity and mortality in the older population. Falling is also common in the elderly and increases the risk of fractures and mortality. We examined the association of cardio-metabolic risk factors with a history of falling in osteosarcopenic men.MethodsWe used the baseline data of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. Osteosarcopenia was defined as having both sarcopenia (reduced skeletal muscle mass plus low physical performance and/or low muscle strength) and osteopenia/osteoporosis (T-score ≤ − 1.0). Falling was defined as a self-reported history of an unintentional down on the ground during the previous year before the study. We used logistic regression analysis to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) to quantify the associations.ResultsAll elderly men diagnosed with osteosarcopenia (n = 341), with a mean age of 73.3(±7.4) years, were included. Almost 50(14.7%) participants reported falling. Age showed a positive association with falling (AOR: 1.09, 95%CI: 1.04–1.14). An increase of 10 mmHg in systolic blood pressure(SBP), reduces the odds of falling by 26%(AOR:0.74, 95%CI:0.62–0.89), while a positive association was detected for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), as 10 mg/dl increase in the FPG, raises the chance of falling by 14%(AOR = 1.14, 95%CI:1.06,1.23). Hypertriglyceridemia was inversely associated with falling (AOR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.89).ConclusionsFalling is a major public health problem in rapidly aging countries, especially in individuals with a higher risk of fragility fractures. Older age-raised fasting plasma glucose and low SBP are associated with falling in osteosarcopenic patients. Considering the higher risk of fracture in osteosarcopenic men, comprehensive strategies are needed to prevent fall-related injuries in this high-risk population.
Highlights
Osteosarcopenia, defined as sarcopenia plus osteopenia/osteoporosis, may increase the risk of fractures and affects morbidity and mortality in the older population
Osteopenia/osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass, together with sarcopenia, characterized by low muscle mass and function, form the new geriatric syndrome, osteosarcopenia [1], that impose a significant burden on the quality of life among the elderly population and a high cost to health systems worldwide [2]
Considering the reasons including 1-the high prevalence of osteosarcopenia in the male elderly population in Iran (33.8%), which puts them at a higher risk of falling and fractures, 2-a higher rate of mortality in men due to the falling, and 3-a lower rate of timely diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in men, we examined the association between cardio-metabolic risk factors and history of falling in osteosarcopenic men, aged over 60-years living in Bushehr, Iran
Summary
Osteosarcopenia, defined as sarcopenia plus osteopenia/osteoporosis, may increase the risk of fractures and affects morbidity and mortality in the older population. Falling is common in the elderly and increases the risk of fractures and mortality. In Korea, the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in hip fracture patients aged over 60 years was 27.2%, with a 1.8 times higher mortality rate compared to the non-osteosarcopenic individuals [4]. The prevalence of osteosarcopenia was recently reported as 34% among elderly aged ≥60 years in Iran [6]. Both bone and muscle mass deterioration share common risk factors in osteosarcopenia [7]. The main risk factors include: 1) mechanical forces, as physical activity has preserved a role for bone and muscle, and inactivity leads to atrophy of both tissues 2) biochemical factors such as hormones include sex hormones, vitamin D, and other factors secreted by muscle and bone, 3) genetic factors, 4) lifestyle behaviors like low vitamin D and protein diet [3, 8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
