Abstract
Background: Seafood is the main source of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFAs) with beneficial health effects; however, findings on the association between the consumption of different types of seafood and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are conflicting. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the relationship between different types of fish/seafood and the risk of T2DM in adult populations. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science (ISI) databases was performed for cohort studies, published in English, before 1 September 2017. Multivariate adjusted relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each category of seafood were pooled to examine the association. Results: Comparing the highest vs. lowest fatty fish intake categories indicated that there was a significant inverse association between the consumption of fatty fish and onset of T2DM (RR:0.89; 95 % CI: 0.82, 0.98; I2: 0%, P=0.54). However, after performing sensitivity analysis, we found that eliminating one study resulted in a non-significant association (RR: 0.93; 95 % CI:0.80, 1.09). There were no significant associations between lean fish (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.87,1.22, I2: 51.0%, P=0.08), seafood other than fish (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.10, I2: 71.2%,P=0.002), fish products (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.82, 1.13, I2:0%, P=0.62), and fried fish (RR: 1.02;95% CI: 0.83, 1.26, I2:71.2%, P=0.06) and T2DM risk. Conclusion: The risk of T2DM was not associated with the intake of lean fish, seafood other than fish, and fish products. However, due to the low robustness of findings regarding protective roles of oily fish, more longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this association.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for at least 90% of all diabetes cases and the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has reached alarming levels, having more than doubled over the past 30 years.1)T2DM increases the risk of many serious diseases or conditions, including coronary heart disease, kidney failure and retinopathy
Recent work from Canada demonstrated that environmental contaminants present in fish positively associated with risk of T2DM, whilst n-3 PUFA intake adjusted for DDE/PCBs had an inverse association with T2DM (OR = 0.86 [95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.46-0.99]).[10]
Since concentrations of environmental pollutants are biomagnified when moving up the food chain, considering types of seafood consumed is vital when examining the relationship between fish/seafood intake and T2DM.1,11)
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for at least 90% of all diabetes cases and the global prevalence of T2DM has reached alarming levels, having more than doubled over the past 30 years.1)T2DM increases the risk of many serious diseases or conditions, including coronary heart disease, kidney failure and retinopathy. Namazi et al and having regular intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs).4) Fish and other seafood are complete protein sources that can lower glycemic response of a meal and are the predominant dietary source of n-3 PUFAs.[5]. Seafood is the main source of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) with beneficial health effects; findings on the association between the consumption of different types of seafood and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are conflicting. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the relationship between different types of fish/seafood and the risk of T2DM in adult populations. Due to the low robustness of findings regarding protective roles of oily fish, more longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this association
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
