Abstract
The psychological aspect may play an important role in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The aims of this study were to explore the differences between patients with UC and CD regarding chronotype, temperament and depression, and to assess the psychological factors mentioned as predictors of disease activity. In total, n = 37 patients with UC and n = 47 patients with CD were included in the study. They underwent a clinical assessment, including the Mayo score or Crohn Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and completed questionnaires: a sociodemographic survey, Formal Characteristics of Behavior–Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), Chronotype Questionnaire (CQ), and the Beck Depression Index II (BDI). The Sensory Sensitivity score was higher among patients with CD than UC (p = 0.04). The emotional reactivity and endurance scores were higher among women than men with CD (p = 0.028 and p = 0.012 respectively). CQ Morningness–Eveningness (ME) correlated with Endurance (p = 0.041), Emotional Reactivity (p = 0.016), and Activity (p = 0.004). ME correlated with Rhythmicity among CD patients (p = 0.002). The Mayo score was predicted by Perseverance. The CDAI score was predicted by the BDI score. The pattern of the relationship between chronotype and temperament may differentiate patients with UC and CD. Personal disposition may play a role in the clinical assessment of patients with IBD.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions characterized by inflammation in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract with a multifactorial etiology, including genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms
There was a statistically significant difference in age and the scores of Sensory Sensitivity between the disease groups: patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) were on average younger (p = 0.018) and had higher Sensory Sensitivity (p = 0.04) than patients with ulcerative colitis (UC)
The difference regarding the Beck Depression Index II (BDI) score between the groups delineated by sex * disease interaction was on the verge of statistical significance (p = 0.065) (Table 2)
Summary
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic conditions characterized by inflammation in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract with a multifactorial etiology, including genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms. Their most common forms are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) [1,2]. The risk of clinically significant depression may be increased within the first year of IBD diagnosis [4]. Poor sleep quality and insomnia appear to be highly prevalent and linked to disease activity and depression among IBD patients [6]
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