Abstract
BackgroundAdropin, a newly‑identified energy homeostasis protein, has been implicated in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. This study attempts to measure the association between serum adropin and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsThis cross‑sectional study was performed in 503 hospitalized patients with T2DM.Serum adropin level was measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The carotid atherosclerosis was assessed by color Doppler sonography. The association between adropin and carotid atherosclerotic plaque was tested by logistic regression model. The effect of adropin on carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT) was estimated using linear regression model.ResultsOverall, 280 (55.7%) patients had carotid atherosclerotic plaque. The risk of carotid atherosclerotic plaque decreased with the increment of serum adropin level (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.90; 95%CI: 0.81–0.99) in patients with T2DM. Serum adropin (Standardized β = − 0.006, p = 0.028) was also independently protective factor for CIMT in patients with T2DM.ConclusionIn patients with T2DM, high serum adropin level was correlated with a decreased risk of carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM patients. Low circulating level of adropin may promote carotid atherosclerosis.
Highlights
Adropin, a newly‐identified energy homeostasis protein, has been implicated in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity
Adropin is a bioactive protein encoded by the energy homeostasis associated gene (Enho) that is expressed in the liver and brain
The results showed that the risk of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and carotid artery intimal thickening decreased with the increment of serum adropin level
Summary
A newly‐identified energy homeostasis protein, has been implicated in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. This study attempts to measure the association between serum adropin and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and peripheral artery disease (PAD), is a well-known leading cause of mortality in diabetic patients [1]. Adropin is a bioactive protein encoded by the energy homeostasis associated gene (Enho) that is expressed in the liver and brain. Adropin contains 76 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 4.5 kDa [4]. Adropin regulates various signaling pathways to enhance insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, endothelial function, and motor coordination.
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