The Association between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Level and Myopia in Korean

Abstract

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level and myopia in Korean. Methods : Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2010, a total of 5,488 people aged 10 to 69 were targeted. Myopia was divided into subcategories as follows: mild myopia (-3.00<SE≤-0.50 D), moderate myopia (-6.00<SE≤-3.00 D), and high myopia (SE≤-6.00 D). Serum 25 (OH) vitamin D concentration was classified into two types as follows: deficiency (<20 ng/mL) and normal (≥20 ng/mL). Pearson's correlation analysis and covariate-corrected complex logistic regression were performed to evaluate the association between serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level and myopia. Results : Serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level and equivalent spherical refractive power showed a positive correlation (r=0.132, p<0.001). The risk factors for myopia were age, household income, education level, sun exposure, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cataract, and family history of eye disease. When the serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level was less than 20 ng/mL, the risk of severe myopia increased by 2.55 times (95% confidence interval: 1.27~5.16) even after the risk factors were corrected. Conclusion : High myopia was associated with serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level in Korean.