Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the effects of sex and age differences on sense of coherence as well as the association between self-esteem and sense of coherence in Norwegian adolescents aged 13 to 18years. The moderating roles of sex and age on the relationship between self-esteem and sense of coherence were also investigated. A total of 1239 adolescents from public elementary and secondary schools in mid-Norway participated in the school-based survey study. Results showed that boys scored significantly higher on sense of coherence than girls. Adolescents aged 13 to 14years scored significantly higher on sense of coherence than those aged 15 to 16years. A significant positive association was found between self-esteem and sense of coherence when controlling for sex, age, stress, subjective health complaints, and subjective health. No moderating effect of sex or age was found on the relationship between self-esteem and sense of coherence. These results give support for the positive role self-esteem plays in the sense of coherence in adolescents, when controlled for the relevant covariates stress and subjective health complaints, and this relationship is equally strong for both sexes and across age.
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