Abstract
BackgroundMigrant workers are a susceptible population to the hepatitis b virus (HBV) and a vulnerable spot in China’s immunization procedures. There is no free HBV immunization program for migrant workers in China, so understanding migrant workers’ motivation to receive the HBV vaccine is the first step in designing effective immunization policies.MethodsA fully specified protection motivation theory (PMT) model of HBV vaccination intention among migrant workers was specified. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 406 migrant workers in three migrant-dense industries in Tianjin, China. Principal component factor analysis was used to produce PMT factors and nested binary logistic regression modeling was applied to assess the associations between protection motivation and HBV vaccination intention of migrant workers.ResultsThe nested binary logistic regression model suggested that the severity factor and self-efficacy factor were positively related to HBV vaccination intention (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.25–3.71; OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.62–4.66) while the response costs was negatively related to the HBV vaccination motivation (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.29–0.83). The socio-demographic variables showed that younger, married and good self-rated health status participants were statistically associated with the intention of taking the HBV vaccine. Sex, education level and income group were not significantly associated with vaccination intention. The migrant-industry variables showed that migrant location had a strong effect on migrant workers’ vaccination intention.ConclusionSocio-demographic, migrant-industry variables and PMT factors (severity, self-efficacy and response costs) were statistically associated with migrant workers’ intention to vaccinate. Our results suggest that health policy makers should provide more information to migrants on HBV severity; inform migrant workers on where, when and how to get the HBV vaccine; tap into work organizations as a location for vaccinations; and identify migrant worker subgroups for targeted interventions.
Highlights
Migrant workers are a susceptible population to the hepatitis b virus (HBV) and a vulnerable spot in China’s immunization procedures
Our results suggest that health policy makers should provide more information to migrants on HBV severity; inform migrant workers on where, when and how to get the HBV vaccine; tap into work organizations as a location for vaccinations; and identify migrant worker subgroups for targeted interventions
For the protection motivation theory (PMT) scores, the low severity (53.0%), response efficacy (54.4%) and self-efficacy (51.7%) groups were slightly larger than the high groups, while the response costs (60.7%) and vulnerability (57.1%) groups were larger than the low groups
Summary
Migrant workers are a susceptible population to the hepatitis b virus (HBV) and a vulnerable spot in China’s immunization procedures. One exception was a study using protection motivation theory (PMT) to specify and test a cognition model of migrant workers’ HBV vaccination intention, but the migrant-industry characteristics and key PMT factors, such as response costs, were excluded from the model [15]. Addressing these limitations, this paper applies a full PMT model, including migrant-industry variables and response costs, to explain migrant workers’ HBV vaccination intention in the Binhai high migration region of Tianjin, and in three Tianjin industry sectors (manufacturing, retail and service), with a high proportion of migrant workers
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