Abstract
Background It has been reported that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more susceptible to periodontitis. However, data regarding the risk of periodontitis in IBD patients are scarce, and results from individual studies remain controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of periodontitis in IBD patients. Methods Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were searched for studies investigating the risk of periodontitis in the IBD patient population from Jan. 2000 to Nov. 2020. Articles were included if they contained the number of people with IBD diagnosed with periodontitis (or periodontal disease parameters) compared with a control group. Case reports, reviews, animal studies, and articles without available abstracts were excluded. A pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the association between periodontitis and IBD. Results Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall risk of periodontitis was significantly higher in IBD patients than controls (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.60-2.74; I2 = 27%). In particular, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were both linked to an increased risk of periodontitis (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.36-2.19; I2 = 0% for CD vs. OR:2.39, 95% CI: 1.19-4.80; I2 = 85% for UC). Conclusions IBD patients are at higher risk of periodontitis than controls. After subgroup analysis, the elevated risk remained significant when analyzing CD or UC alone. UC patients were at higher risk of developing periodontitis than CD patients.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gut, which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) [1]
Because CD and UC involve different pathogeneses and disease behaviors, we further investigated the risk of periodontitis in CD and UC separately
Our study found that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients had a higher risk of periodontitis than controls (OR: 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60-2.74; I2 = 27%), which was in agreement with previous publications [29,30,31,32]
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gut, which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) [1]. The pathogenesis of periodontitis mirrors that of IBD and mainly involves interactions between the host and oral pathogens. It has been reported that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more susceptible to periodontitis. Data regarding the risk of periodontitis in IBD patients are scarce, and results from individual studies remain controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of periodontitis in IBD patients. Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were searched for studies investigating the risk of periodontitis in the IBD patient population from Jan. 2000 to Nov. 2020. The overall risk of periodontitis was significantly higher in IBD patients than controls (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.60-2.74; I2 = 27%). IBD patients are at higher risk of periodontitis than controls. UC patients were at higher risk of developing periodontitis than CD patients
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