The association between overall survival of prostate cancer patients and hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight in Southern China: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight are considered associated with the development and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). This study is aimed at investigating the association between pre-existing hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight and the overall survival (OS) of PCa patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We studied the clinical data of 323 patients of PCa receiving ADT in our hospital from January 2003 to August 2012 aged 50-91. The association between OS and hypertension, hyperglycemia, or overweight, both separately and together, was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier method. The distributions of clinicopathological features among groups were evaluated using Fisher's exact or chi-square test. 23 men (7.12 %) were lost to follow-up during this study. During a median follow-up for 43 months (range 3-119 months), 122 deaths (40.67 %) were confirmed. The five-year OS rate of men with both hypertension and overweight (28.57 %) was significantly lower than that of control group (48.33 %, P = 0.024). It was also moderately lower than that of men just with hypertension (50.00 %, P = 0.095) or overweight (55.56 %, P = 0.088). Men with both hyperglycemia and overweight had significantly shorter survival time than control group (P = 0.037). The distributions of clinical information were similar among all the groups except that overweight patients had a lower proportion of PSA level over 20 ng/mL (65.38 %) than control group (84.95 %, P = 0.026). Pre-existing hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight were associated with poor prognosis of PCa patients. Men with both hypertension and overweight, or with both hyperglycemia and overweight had significantly shorter survival time.