Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the possible correlation between basic occlusal features and the outcomes of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) Axis I. Materials and Methods: A convenient sample of Northern Jordanians was used in the study. Participants were examined in accordance with DC/TMD protocol. Nine occlusal features represented the independent variables; overjet, overbite, midline deviation, pain-free opening, maximum assisted opening, maximum unassisted opening, lateral excursions and protrusion, in addition to the opening pattern (classified as straight, corrected deviation and uncorrected deviation). DC/TMD diagnostic outcomes and their associated features represented the dependent variables, namely, pain-related TMD, Intra-articular Disorders (IAD), Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD), joint sounds (clicking and crepitus), joint locking and headache attributed to TMD. Binary logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses. Results: A total of 400 participants represented the study population (mean age = 32.3±12.4 years, males=48%, females=52%). 71 subjects (18%) were diagnosed with pain-related TMD, 52 (13%) with IAD, 6 (1.5%) with DJD and 38 (10%) with headache due to TMD. Gender had a significant correlation with pain-related TMD (p= 0.014, OR= 2.16). Maximum pain free opening had a significant inverse relationship with pain related TMD (p= 0.013, OR=0.94), while midline deviation and corrected deviation mouth opening pattern had a significant correlation with IAD (p= 0.04,0.02, OR= 1.30,2.74, respectively). Overbite, midline deviation and pain free opening were significantly associated with unilateral open/close clicking (p= 0.04,0.05,0.03, OR= 0.77, 1.31, 0.94, respectively). Conclusion: There is a minimal clinical significance of the correlation between dental occlusion and TMD.
Highlights
Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) represent a common clinical presentation involving the muscles of mastication, the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ), or associated orofacial structures [1]
Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) diagnostic outcomes and their associated features represented the dependent variables, namely, pain-related TMD, Intra-articular Disorders (IAD), Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD), joint sounds, joint locking and headache attributed to TMD
A total of 400 participants were examined in accordance with the DC/TMD protocol (males= 191(48%), females=209(52%))
Summary
Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) represent a common clinical presentation involving the muscles of mastication, the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ), or associated orofacial structures [1]. Classic features of TMD include regional pain in the masticatory apparatus, limitations in jaw movements and noises from TMJs during jaw activity [2, 3]. There is, generally, an agreement in the literature that TMD is common, with prevalence rates in the population ranging between 10-15% for adults and 4-7% for adolescents [3]. Some reports suggested that TMD prevalence may even reach up to 27% in some populations [4, 5]. Annual incidence of first-onset painful TMD from a large prospective study (OPERA) shows rates of 3-4% [6]
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