The Association between Milk Intake and Nutrient Intake Adequacy among Japanese Female Junior High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Mai Matsumoto,Yoichi Hatamoto,Shinji Ikemoto,Ayumi Masumoto,Azusa Sakamoto,Chiaki Murayama

doi:10.3390/nu13082838

Abstract

The consumption of dairy products, including milk, may be important for improving the overall quality of a diet. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between milk intake and nutritional adequacy among Japanese female junior high school students. The participants of this study were Japanese female junior high school students aged between 12 and 15 years. Dietary habits over the past month were assessed by a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. The adequacy of each nutrient intake was determined based on the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2020, with two goals: the estimated average requirement for fourteen nutrients and tentative dietary goals for preventing lifestyle-related diseases for six nutrients. The participants were classified into five groups according to milk intake (Q1 (lowest) to Q5 (highest)) by quintile. The adequacy of vitamin B2, calcium, magnesium, and potassium were higher among students with a higher milk consumption than among those with a lower milk consumption. However, the intake of saturated fatty acids was in excess among higher milk consumers. The present study suggests that milk intake was related to an adequate intake of some vitamins and minerals and an inadequate intake of saturated fatty acids among Japanese female junior high school students.

Highlights

Introduction iationsDietary habits such as diet and dietary behaviours have a major impact on the development of lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity and diabetes [1]
The numbers of days drinking milk at home and at school lunch were different among the five groups
The present study investigated the association between milk intake and nutrient intake adequacy among female junior high school students

Summary

Introduction

Dietary habits such as diet and dietary behaviours have a major impact on the development of lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity and diabetes [1]. Dietary habits in adolescence tend to persist into adulthood [2,3,4], which are likely to be difficult to change later in life [5]. Healthy eating patterns including nutritional adequacy established in adolescence may be important to lead to healthy behaviours, prevent chronic diseases including obesity, and decrease morbidity and mortality in adulthood [6]. It is important to identify the factors that influence adolescents’ dietary habits to establish healthy eating habits and to prevent the development of chronic diseases later in life.

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Conclusion