The association between hypodontia and dental development.

Brunilda Dhamo,Albert Hofman,Mette A R Kuijpers,Edwin M Ongkosuwito,Vincent W V Jaddoe,Strahinja Vucic,Eppo B Wolvius

doi:10.1007/s00784-015-1622-1

Brunilda Dhamo, Albert Hofman + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1622-1

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Abstract

ObjectivesIn this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the pattern of hypodontia in the Dutch population and determine the association between hypodontia and dental development in children with and without hypodontia, applying three different standards, Dutch, French Canadian, and Belgian, to estimate dental age.MethodsWe used dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) of 1488 children (773 boys and 715 girls), with a mean age of 9.76 years (SD = 0.24) participating in a population-based cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, born in 2002–2004, and 452 children (219 boys and 233 girls) with a mean age of 9.83 years (SD = 1.09) participating in a mixed-longitudinal, interdisciplinary population-based cohort study in Nijmegen, the Netherlands born in 1960–1968.ResultsThe prevalence of hypodontia in the Generation R Study was 5.6 % (N = 84) and 5.1 % (N = 23) in the Nijmegen Growth Study. Linear regression analysis showed that children with hypodontia had a 0.37 [95 % CI (−0.53,-0.21)] to 0.52 [95 % CI (−0.76,-0.38)] years lower dental age than children without hypodontia. The ordinal regression analysis showed a delay in development of mandibular second premolars [1.68 years; 95 %CI (−1.90,-1.46)], mandibular first premolars [0.57 years; 95 % CI (−0.94,-0.20)], and mandibular second molars [0.47 years; 95 % CI (−0.84,-0.11)].ConclusionThese findings suggest that children with hypodontia have a delayed dental development.Clinical relevanceThe delay of dental development in children with hypodontia should be taken into consideration and therefore orthodontists should recognize that a later start of treatment in these patients may be necessary.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00784-015-1622-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Hypodontia is defined as the developmental absence of one or more primary or secondary teeth, excluding the third molars [1, 2]
We found an excellent agreement between the examiners for the scoring of the central incisors, with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) equal to 1.00
The distribution of tooth agenesis is presented in Supplementary Table S1

Summary

Introduction

Hypodontia is defined as the developmental absence of one or more primary or secondary teeth, excluding the third molars [1, 2]. It is classified according to the number of absent teeth: mild if one tooth is absent, moderate if two to five teeth are absent, and severe if more than six teeth are absent [3, 4]. Most studies in which the prevalence of hypodontia was investigated were performed in Caucasians. These studies showed a prevalence of hypodontia of 5.5 % in European, 3.9 % in North American, and 6.4 % in the Australian population [8].

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