Abstract
BackgroundDietary macronutrients may indirectly affect body weight through their interactions with the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene. This study aimed to investigate the association between FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism with macronutrients intake in overweight adults.MethodsThis study was carried out on 196 overweight adults of Shiraz, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The FTO gene was genotyped for rs9939609 polymorphism. The association between dietary macronutrients and the FTO genotype were assessed using linear regression after adjustments for sex, age, physical activity, and the serum levels of triglycerides, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and low density lipoprotein (LDL).ResultsThe higher intake of carbohydrates (P < 0.001), fat (P = 0.009), and calorie (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with rs9939609 AA genotype (P = 0.001). Carriers of the AA genotype of rs9939609 had significantly higher calorie, fat, and carbohydrate intake than the carriers of the TT genotype after adjusting for age and sex (P = 0.019, P = 0.010 and P = 0.001, respectively). Further adjustments for physical activity, TG, LDL, and FBS did not change these results.ConclusionThe amounts of dietary calorie, carbohydrate, and fat intake were associated with FTO genotype. Further studies are warranted to confirm these associations and to identify the underlying mechanisms.
Highlights
The prevalence of obesity as a health-related problem has been dramatically increased in both developed and developing countries [1, 2]
This study aimed to investigate the interactions between the amount of dietary carbohydrate, protein, and fat with the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) genotype in overweight adults
Significant differences were found in body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.047), fat mass (P = 0.001), calorie intake (P = 0.001), fat intake (P = 0.009), and carbohydrate intake (P < 0.001) status of three FTO genotypes (Table 1)
Summary
The prevalence of obesity as a health-related problem has been dramatically increased in both developed and developing countries [1, 2]. The role of some genes in obesity has been reported in many studies [7,8,9]. The fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene is located on the chromosome region 16q12.2 and was reported to be strongly associated with obesity [7, 8]. Several studies reported that FTO genotype has a strong association with body mass index (BMI) and obesity [8, 9]. FTO rs9939609 polymorphism is associated with the increased risk of obesity. Dietary macronutrients may indirectly affect body weight through their interactions with the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene. This study aimed to investigate the association between FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism with macronutrients intake in overweight adults
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