Abstract
The force-velocity (FV) relationship allows the identification of the mechanical capabilities of musculoskeletal system to produce force, power and velocity. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of the mechanical variables derived from the FV relationship with approach jump, linear sprint and change of direction (CoD) ability in young male volleyball players. Thirty-seven participants performed countermovement jumps with incremental loads from bodyweight to 50–100 kg (depending on the individual capabilities), 25-m sprint with split times being recorded for the purpose of FV relationship calculation, two CoD tests (505 test and modified T-test) and approach jump. Results in this study show that approach jump performance seems to be influenced by maximal power output (r = 0.53) and horizontal force production (r = 0.51) in sprinting, as well as force capacity in jumping (r = 0.45). Only the FV variables obtained from sprinting alone contributed to explaining linear sprinting and CoD ability (r = 0.35–0.93). An interesting finding is that sprinting FV variables have similar and some even stronger correlation with approach jump performance than jumping FV variables, which needs to be considered for volleyball training optimization. Based on the results of this study it seems that parameters that refer to horizontal movement capacity are important for volleyball athletic performance. Further interventional studies are needed to check how to implement specific FV-profile-based training programs to improve specific mechanical capabilities that determine volleyball athletic performance and influence the specific physical performance of volleyball players.
Highlights
Vertical jumping, quick accelerations, and change of direction (CoD) maneuvers are crucial components of volleyball game (Künstlinger et al, 1987; Giatsis, 2001)
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the FV relationship variables obtained in linear sprint and vertical jumps, and volleyball-specific approach jump performance, linear sprint and CoD ability on a sample of young male volleyball players
Our results show that the only correlation between FV relationship in vertical jump and performance variables was between F0 and approach jump height
Summary
Quick accelerations, and change of direction (CoD) maneuvers are crucial components of volleyball game (Künstlinger et al, 1987; Giatsis, 2001). The performance of a volleyball player is directly affected by the capacity of producing power in jumping and sprinting actions (Sattler et al, 2015; Schons et al, 2019). CoD ability, which is underlying agility (Sheppard and Young, 2006), is usually evaluated with various tests of changes of direction in the horizontal plane (Nimphius et al, 2018), while acceleration ability is evaluated with sprint times on different distances (Kumagai et al, 2000). With more analytical approach and biomechanical testing, we can evaluate these abilities throughout more complex forms of performance tests Those tests provide a more detailed insight into the athlete’s neuromuscular capacity and offer the opportunity for training optimization
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