Abstract
BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that the dietary intake of phytochemicals is inversely associated with severity of depression and positively associated with quality of life (QoL). The present study investigated the relationship between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with depression and QoL scores in Iranian adolescent girls.MethodsA total of 733 adolescent girls from Mashhad and Sabzevar cities in northeastern Iran were entered into this cross-sectional study. Assessment of depression and QoL was performed utilizing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and SF-12v2 questionnaire, respectively. Assessment of dietary intake was undertaken by a qualified dietitian, using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 168 food items. To explore the association between DPI with QoL and depression, logistic regression was used in crude and adjusted models.ResultsThe participants in the fourth quartile of DPI compared with the first quartile had a 50% lower odds of depression (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.30-0.84, P = 0.009) This relation remained significant in all adjusted models. The adolescents in highest quartile of DPI compared with the first quartile had 38% lower odds of poor QoL (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41-0.94, P = 0.02). This association remained significant in adjusted models I and II, but not after adjusting for all confounding variables (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.43-1.02, P = 0.06) (Model III).ConclusionsDPI was inversely associated with risk of depression. The association between DPI score and QoL remained unclear. Further prospective and interventional studies are required.
Highlights
The prevalence of depression is increasing, and due to its socioeconomic costs has become a major challenge for public health globally [1, 2]
Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure significantly increased across quartiles of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) score (P trend = 0.002)
Other variables and general characteristics had no significant trend across quartiles of DPI
Summary
The prevalence of depression is increasing, and due to its socioeconomic costs has become a major challenge for public health globally [1, 2]. Adherence to the healthy dietary patterns containing high amount of vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grains can exert a therapeutic effect on mental disorders, in particular depression [16, 17]. Phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, carotenoids, terpenoids, organosulfur compounds, and phytosterols are the antioxidant compounds of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, nuts and legumes [18]. We designed a crosssectional study to investigate the association between scores of DPI with depression and QoL in adolescent females. The present study investigated the relationship between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with depression and QoL scores in Iranian adolescent girls
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