Abstract
BackgroundAccording to the WHO report released in 2000, about 121 million people worldwide suffer from depression. The present study aimed to explore factors influencing depression in mothers from Rey, South of Tehran, Iran; who had elementary school children.MethodsThe cross-sectional survey was conducted in spring 2010. Four hundred thirty mothers who had elementary school children, were selected through a two stage cluster sampling. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depression in the mothers and a 24-hour food recall was used to collect information regarding their dietary intake. General information regarding economic condition and socio-economic status were also gathered using a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using chi-square, one-way analysis of variance and simple regression tests.ResultsIn our study, 51.4% of the mothers suffered from depression. There was an inverse correlation between the educational level of the mothers and the heads of household, their occupational status, their marital status, their socio-economic condition and depression. Conversely, any increase in the family size worsened the depression. The daily intake of different macronutrients, except for fat, was lower in individuals of depressed group.ConclusionThe present study emphasized the fact that more attention should be paid to the educational level and economic condition of the family in order to reduce maternal depression. Family size also plays an important role in this regard.
Highlights
The major depressive disorder (MDD), known as unipolar depression, is one of the most common mood disorders experienced during life
According to the 2000 WHO report, 121 million people worldwide suffer from depression and MDD is considered as the fourth cause of burden and the most cause of disability worldwide
The present study reported a high prevalence of depression among Iranian mothers (51.4%)
Summary
Study population The cross-sectional study was conducted in spring 2010 on 430 mothers having primary school children living in Rey. Random selection of 430 mothers was commenced with sorting, based on the economic situation, the list of all primary schools (102 public and private schools) in Rey. the total cumulative frequency of the primary school students was calculated (36039) from the sorted list. Measurements Demographic data A self report general information questionnaire was used to record the demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, socio-economic characteristics, and education level of all participants. Individuals gaining higher scores on the 21-question psychological test are more depressed [12] Thereafter based on their BDI scores, subjects were divided into 6 groups: normal, slightly depressed, required consultation with a psychiatrist, relatively depressed, severely depressed, and excessively depressed (Table 1). These values were entered in Dorosty Food Processor for Windows software (DFPW- 2.1), and the amounts of energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intake were calculated
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