The association between angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphism and the risk of essential hypertension: a meta-analysis

Jonny Karunia Fajar,Budi Susetio Pikir,Putu Nina Berlinda Saka,Fredo Tamara,Erdo Puncak Sidarta,Atma Gunawan,Teuku Heriansyah,Saga Aditya Hutama,Rizal Rahmanda Akbar,Melly Susanti

doi:10.1186/s43042-019-0016-3

Abstract

BackgroundSince first reported having the association with essential hypertension, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C was globally investigated worldwide. However, controversy was found. Furthermore, previous meta-analyses did not adequate to clarify the precise correlation due to some limitations. Therefore, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis concerning the association between AT1R A1166C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk of essential hypertension with eliminating the limitations of previous studies.MethodsA meta-analysis was conducted from February to March 2019. Some information related to sample size of hypertension and control groups and genotype frequencies of hypertension and control groups were extracted from each study. Data were analyzed using fixed or random effect model to determine the overall correlation.ResultsA total of 45 papers consisting of 11911 cases and 1340 controls were enrolled for the study. Our overall analysis showed that C allele and AC genotype of AT1R A1166C was associated with 1.18-fold and 1.15-fold respectively increased risk of essential hypertension, while the decreased risk of essential hypertension was observed in A allele and AA genotype. In sub-group analysis, increased risk of essential hypertension was found in C allele, AC genotype, and CC genotype of both Asian population and PCR-RFLP sub-groups, while decreased risk was observed in A allele and AA genotype.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis reveals that AT1R A1166C remains a valuable SNP having an association with the risk of essential hypertension.

Highlights

Since first reported having the association with essential hypertension, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C was globally investigated worldwide
Our meta-analysis reveals that AT1R A1166C remains a valuable single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) having an association with the risk of essential hypertension
Evaluating the correlation between AT1R A1166C gene polymorphism and the risk of essential hypertension

Summary

Introduction

Since first reported having the association with essential hypertension, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C was globally investigated worldwide. The risk of essential hypertension with eliminating the limitations of previous studies. In the context of hypertension, studies have focused on the polymorphism of genes in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the main pathway playing a pivotal role in the development of hypertension. Angiotensinogen is cleaved by renin into angiotensin I, and angiotensin I is converted into angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) [4]. Of those precursors, angiotensin II is defined as the most potent vasoconstrictor. To trigger the adverse effects in hypertension, angiotensin II is mediated by angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) [5]

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