The association between alcohol drinking and glycemic management among people with type 2 diabetes in China.

Abstract

To investigate the association between alcohol drinking and glycemic management among adult patients with type 2 diabetes in regional China. In this cross-sectional survey conducted in Nanjing Municipality of China in 2018, adult type 2 diabetes patients were randomly selected from urban and rural communities. The outcome variable was the glycemic management status. The explanatory measure was alcohol drinking. Mixed-effects regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for examining the associations of alcohol drinking with glycemic management among type 2 diabetes patients. Among the overall 5,663 participants, the glycemic management rate was 39.8% (95% CI = 38.5, 41.1), with 41.2% (95% CI = 39.7, 42.7), 43.9% (95% CI = 38.9, 48.8), and 34.1% (95% CI = 31.5, 36.7) for non-drinkers, mild/moderate drinkers, and heavy drinkers, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders and community-level clustering effect, heavy and mild/moderate alcohol drinkers were at 0.76 (95% CI = 0.66, 0.89) and 1.04 (95% CI = 0.87, 1.28) times odds to have glycemia under control than non-drinkers among the overall participants. Furthermore, when stratified separately by gender and use of anti-diabetes agents, the scenario within men, either regular or irregular users of anti-diabetes agents was the same as that for overall participants, while the association between alcohol drinking and glycemic management became non-significant among women. Heavy alcohol drinking might have a negative effect on glycemic management among patients with type 2 diabetes irrespective of the use of anti-diabetes agents in regional China. This study has important public health implications regarding precision intervention on patients' glycemia control for type 2 diabetes management.