Abstract
The main subject of this research was the use of PRF in dental surgery aimed at preventing changes in alveolar height and width after tooth extraction. Due to the large growth factor content, it seems to be particularly useful in bone loss management starting from the simplest loss occurring after tooth extraction through loss resulting from tooth resection ending with loss caused by large bone cysts. The study was performed on 50 patients. The extraction of two maxillary or mandibular homonymous teeth was carried out in each patient, where PRF was placed in one alveolus while the other alveolus was left empty. Then, the alveoli were surgically managed with a split flap technique. On the extraction day, after 10 days, and after 6 months, the alveolar process was measured, soft tissues healing was assessed, and imaging examinations were analyzed. It was proved that the healing of soft tissues in the PRF group was better. In the PRF group after 6 months from surgery, the newly formed bone had higher grayscale values in volumetric tomography (CBCT). Moreover, the reduced atrophy of the alveolar process at the site of the extracted tooth was proved in this study.
Highlights
At present, implantological treatment has become a popular method of tooth replacement
No statistically significant differences of mean values of the alveolar process width and height (HIC distance) measurements performed directly after tooth extraction were found for the alveoli in which platelet-rich fibrin was not used in comparison to the alveoli where platelet-rich fibrin was applied (Table 3)
In the platelet-rich fibrin group, the average loss of the alveolar process amounted to 1.49 ± 0.84 mm, whereas in the non-PRF group, it amounted to 1.85 ± 0.86 mm (Table 3)
Summary
Implantological treatment has become a popular method of tooth replacement. Appropriate alveolar process management after tooth loss becomes important for minimizing the reduction of the alveolar process volume, which makes the treatment as inexpensive and non-invasive as possible. The remodeling and healing of the post-extraction alveolus involve the reduction of width and height of the post-extraction alveolus already in the first 8 days [1,2]. This physiological bone atrophy amounts, on average, to 25%–30% [3] and, according to some authors, atrophy amounting to 40%–60% of the alveolar process volume occurs in 2–3 years [4,5]. Cells responsible for bone formation are, in this case, not active enough or there are too few of them [7]
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