Abstract
The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is an important grain production base, and exploring the spatiotemporal heterogeneity and driving factors of soil erosion in the YRB is of great significance to the ecological environment and sustainable agricultural development. In this study, we employed the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in conjunction with Transport-Limited Sediment Delivery (TLSD) to explore a modified RUSLE-TLSD for use assessing net water erosion. This modification was performed using sediment data, and the explanatory power of driving factors was assessed utilizing an optimal parameters-based geographical detector (OPGD). The results demonstrated that the modified RUSLE-TLSD can accurately simulate the spatiotemporal distribution of net water erosion (NSE = 0.5766; R2 = 0.6708). From 2000 to 2020, the net water erosion modulus in the YRB ranged between 1.62 and 5.33 t/(ha·a). Specifically, the net water erosion modulus decreased in the YRB and the middle reaches of the YRB (MYRB), but it increased in the upper reaches of the YRB (UYRB). The erosion occurred mainly in the Loess Plateau region, while the deposition occurred mainly in the Hetao Plain and Guanzhong Plain. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and slope emerged as significant driving factors, and their interaction explained 31.36% of YRB net water erosion. In addition, the redistribution of precipitation by vegetation and the slope weakened the impact of precipitation on the spatial pattern of net water erosion. This study provides a reference, offering insights to aid in the development of soil erosion control strategies within the YRB.
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