The Assessment of Possibility of Using Sanitary Ceramic Waste as Concrete Aggregate—Determination of the Basic Material Characteristics

Jacek Szulej,Paweł Ogrodnik

doi:10.3390/app8071205

Jacek Szulej, Paweł Ogrodnik

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app8071205

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Abstract

This article presents the possibilities of using soft clay pottery waste as concrete aggregate. There is shown a new approach of complete exchange natural aggregate in concrete with recycled aggregate, i.e., crushed ceramic of two fractions 0–4 and 4–8 mm. Basic characteristics of aggregate were evaluated, i.e., phase composition and crush strength. Drawing on past experiences, two concrete mixes were designed that were based on Portland cement 32.5 R used for ordinary concrete and aluminous Górkal 70, which is characterized by high initial strength and the fact that Al2O3 is the binding factor. The prepared concrete samples were subjected to maintenance for the next 28 days, and then tests started. A series of tests were performed on the properties of concrete obtained, including a compressive strength and bending strength, an abrasion resistance, frost resistance, water absorption, depth of penetration of water under pressure, and bulk density of concrete. The research confirmed assumptions that it is possible to completely replace the natural aggregate with aggregate made of soft clay pottery waste. Both designed concretes showed high compressive and bending strength, as well as low absorbability and abrasiveness. It was also found that soaking in water, as well as its duration, adversely affects the strength properties of the designed concretes. Regarding concrete based on Portland cement, it was also demonstrated that the concrete has a high frost resistance and resistance to penetration of water under pressure.

Highlights

IntroductionThe growth of the European and world economy is based on the intensive use of natural resources
The growth of the European and world economy is based on the intensive use of natural resources.It results in the generation of waste in which a larger part of it is landfilled
The results showed that refractory brick aggregate and aluminous cement improve the residual strength of concrete in relation to the natural aggregate

Summary

Introduction

The growth of the European and world economy is based on the intensive use of natural resources It results in the generation of waste in which a larger part of it is landfilled. Many problems are connected with the use of this type of aggregate such as the necessity of selective demolition and the existence of old cement mortar and impurities [3]. The works made such a claim that there is increased absorbability and lower specific gravity of this kind of aggregate, and the concrete mixes of this type are less practical.

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