The assessment of aggressive periodontitis at Kuantan, Pahang: A retrospective study

Abstract

Aim: Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a less common but rapidly destructive form of periodontitis. Literature is scarce regarding the prevalence and characteristics of the disease in Malaysia. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of AgP and its correlation with sociodemographic, risk factors, and clinical presentations. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of AgP includes patients who had attended the IIUM Dental Clinic from the year 2014 up to June 2017. The data regarding the characteristics of AgP were extracted from patients’ case records systematically using a standard data extraction form. Descriptive analysis, independent t-test, and χ2 test were conducted using IBM SPSS, version 24.0 software. Results: Of 262 periodontitis cases, 11 were confirmed to have AgP, giving a prevalence of 4.2%. Seven of them had the generalized form of AgP with a mean (±SE) age of 36.4 (±6.99) years. Eight of them were female, the majority were Malay, and four of them claimed of having familial aggregation. The localized form had significantly deeper pocket depth of at least 6 mm. However, the percentage of bleeding on probing and plaque scores were significantly higher in the generalized form of the disease (P < 0.05). First molars showed the highest frequency of tooth loss and clinical attachment loss. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of AgP in a specified population in Kuantan was found at 4.2%, affecting younger age group compared to chronic periodontitis. Age, the percentage of bleeding on probing, plaque score, and deep pockets were significantly associated with the types of AgP.