Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the application value of serum 25(OH)D3, uric acid, triglyceride (TG), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in male patients with hyperuricemia combined with hypogonadism.MethodsFrom August 2018 to August 2020, a total of 198 male patients with primary hyperuricemia were prospectively enrolled in our hospital for inpatient treatment in the department of Metabolism and Endocrinology. They are divided into normal gonadal function group (normal group, n = 117) and hypogonadal function group (hypogonadism group, n = 81), according to free testosterone (FT) level, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and androgen deficiency in the aging male (ADAM) questionnaires. Laboratory indexes were compared between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of hypogonadism.ResultsAmong the 198 hyperuricemia patients, 40.91 % were hypogonadism. Compared with the normal group, the BMI, waist circumference (WC), and the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia (HLP), and obesity (OB) in the hypogonadism group were higher, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05, respectively). The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triacylglycerol (TG), serum uric acid (SUA), alanine transaminase (ALT) of hypogonadism group were higher than those of normal group, while the levels of TT, FT, E2, 25(OH)D3 of hypogonadism group were lower than those of normal group (P < 0.05, respectively). Pearson’s linear correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the indicators with significant differences in general data and laboratory indicators and hypogonadism. BMI, WC, HOMA-IR, TG, SUA, TT, FT, 25(OH)D3, E2 were positively correlated with hypogonadism (r = 0.556, 0.139, 0.473, 0.143, 0.134, 0.462, 0.419, 0.572, 0.601, P = 0.012, 0.027, 0.018, 0.019, 0.028, 0.029, 0.030, 0.009, 0.003, respectively). Taking the above indicators as independent variables and hypogonadism as the dependent variable, logistic regression analysis found that the risk factors for hypogonadism were SUA, WC, BMI, HOMA-IR, TG, TT, FT, E2, and 25(OH) D3.ConclusionsSerum 25(OH)D3, SUA, HOMA-IR, TG levels were positively correlated with male hyperuricemia patients with hypogonadism. They have important application value in the diagnosis of male hyperuricemia patients with hypogonadism.
Highlights
The purpose of this study was to investigate the application value of serum 25(OH)D3, uric acid, triglyceride (TG), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in male patients with hyperuricemia combined with hypogonadism
We found that BMI, waist circumference (WC), HOMA-IR, TG, serum uric acid (SUA), TT, free testosterone (FT), 25(OH)D3, and E2 were positively correlated with hypogonadism (r = 0.556, 0.139, 0.473, 0.143, 0.134, 0.462, 0.419, 0.572, 0.601,P = 0.012, 0.027, 0.018, 0.019, 0.028, 0.029, 0.030, 0.009, 0.003, respectively), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), alanine transaminase (ALT) were not associated with hypogonadism (r = 1.101, 1.321, 1.231, P = 0.622, 0.691,0.673, respectively)
The levels of TT, FT, E2, 25(OH)D3 in the hypogonadism group were lower than the normal group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, TG, SUA, ALT levels increase, and TT, FT, E2, 25(OH)D3 levels decrease in male hyperuricemia patients with hypogonadism
Summary
The purpose of this study was to investigate the application value of serum 25(OH)D3, uric acid, triglyceride (TG), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in male patients with hyperuricemia combined with hypogonadism. With the changes in the diet of residents, the incidence of clinical hyperuricemia has increased year by year, and has a younger trend, and is accompanied by a variety of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Many studies have confirmed that hyperuricemia has become an important risk factor for male hypogonadism [3, 5]. Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome caused by androgen deficiency. It is characterized by hyposexuality and decreased gonadal function, which adversely affects the function of multiple organs [6]. In-depth study of the pathophysiological mechanism of hypogonadism in male patients with hyperuricemia, and finding an entry point can be the top priority for the diagnosis of the disease
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