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Abstract
Various whole cell-based biosensors have been reported in the literature for the last 20 years and these reports have shown great potential for their use in the areas of pollution detection in environmental and in biomedical diagnostics. Unlike other reviews of this growing field, this mini-review argues that: (1) the selection of reporter genes and their regulatory proteins are directly linked to the performance of celllular biosensors; (2) broad enhancements in microelectronics and information technologies have also led to improvements in the performance of these sensors; (3) their future potential is most apparent in their use in the areas of medical diagnostics and in environmental monitoring; and (4) currently the most promising work is focused on the better integration of cellular sensors with nano and micro scaled integrated chips. With better integration it may become practical to see these cells used as (5) real-time portable devices for diagnostics at the bedside and for remote environmental toxin detection and this in situ application will make the technology commonplace and thus as unremarkable as other ubiquitous technologies.
Highlights
Abiosensor is a type of sensor that can detect and identify a component within a cell or tissue.It is composed of synthetically made biomolecule recognition elements and various kinds of physical or chemical transducers [1]
The performance of whole cell biosensors for the detection of environment pollutants is dependent on the reporter genes chosen for the control of transcriptional contaminants, and the type of regulatory protein associated with these promoters
A reporter gene in living cells used as sensors can convert its biological response into a signal detectable physicochemically
Summary
Abiosensor is a type of sensor that can detect and identify a component within a cell or tissue. The principal mechanism of reporter gene, as well as (2) the selectivity and sensitivity of the molecular recognition that occurs of a typical whole cell-based biosensor the detection of aAsparticular of the analyte and the when regulator proteins bind to their is target analytes [10]. Whole cell-based biosensors have emerged as a dynamic technique for qualitative and quantitative analysis of different analytes for clinical diagnosis [23] In this short-review article, we summarize what has occurred recently in the design and development of whole cell-based biosensors with an emphasis on their application for environmental pollution monitoring and biomedical diagnostics, two areas where these sensors are most commonly applied. This work further provides a summary of the potential challenges and future prospects of the practical application of whole cell-based biosensors
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