Abstract
cite as: Smith G. (2016) The Application of Through Vial Impedance Spectroscopy (TVIS) for Process Parameter Determination in Freeze Drying Method Development. Podium presentation at PDA Europe Pharmaceutical Freeze Drying Technology; 2016 Sept 27-28, Strasbourg, FranceThe presentation starts with a description of the through vial impedance spectroscopy (TVIS) and the measurement system before going on to describe applications in the determination of various process parameters and related phenomena: Vial heat transfer coefficient (KV) Dry layer resistance (RP) Ice nucleation (onset of ice growth) Glass transition Eutectic crystallization Collapse
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