Abstract
In this study, the thermal stabilization of a water resource together with an energy production optimization in the power plant of the dam–reservoir coupled system is conducted. This coupled dam system is designed to consist of a primary (Włocławek) and secondary (Siarzewo) dam due to the erosion control aspect. The other beneficial aspect of this coupled dam design is to have an additional power plant, with the aim of achieving more efficient renewable energy production. One of the factors to be included in the conditions influencing the energy production is the ice formation in the reservoir and tailwater due to the hydrodynamic and meteorological conditions of the site location. Frazil formation and jam may reduce the power plant efficiency. The concept of thermal stabilization, based on the previous studies, refers to providing the ice cover in the reservoir section of a dam to isolate the water from thermal condition. In this research, the ice cover expansion is triggered by the discharge reduction over a specific time and the entire study site. The optimized discharge for stimulating the ice cover through the night was found based on the results, leading to the desired thermal stabilization. This power loss emerged by reduced water withdrawal in the specific time during the day (nighttime), and will be remedied by the more suitable hydrodynamic condition over winter.
Highlights
River ice is usually considered as a phenomenon which needs to be controlled to eliminate damage to the water basins of the water bodies and the structures installed in those areas
The exposure of the surface water to the atmosphere triggers the formation of the frazil ice, especially in the temperatures closer to zero
The results showed that the outflow discharge was capable of producing an open water channel along the domain, which was considered to be an area for frazil ice formation
Summary
River ice is usually considered as a phenomenon which needs to be controlled to eliminate damage to the water basins of the water bodies and the structures installed in those areas. At the duration of freeze up (water surface thermal reduction to 0 ◦C, and continuing the process), diverse types of river ice are expected based upon water turbulence intensification. Throughout freeze up process, discharge depletion is spotted [3] This reduction of the discharge may comfort the ice cover expansion. As soon as the ice cover take shape, its underside is moderately smoothed, resulting in remarkable hydraulic resistance. This presents utility in hydropower production during higher water release, to eliminate the risk of elevated water surface causing ice break up [4]
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