Abstract
Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have attracted increasing research interest in immunosensors, bioimaging, drug delivery, and application as therapeutic agents due to their large internal pore volume, tunable size, easy synthesis and surface modification, good thermal stability, and favorable biocompatibility. This review first outlines the effect of tumor markers using PBNPs-based immunosensors which have a sandwich-type architecture and competitive-type structure. Metal ion doped PBNPs which were used as T1-weight magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging agents to improve image quality and surface modified PBNPs which were used as drug carriers to decrease side effects via passive or active targeting to tumor sites are also summarized. Moreover, the PBNPs with high photothermal efficiency and excellent catalase-like activity were promising for photothermal therapy and O2 self-supplied photodynamic therapy of tumors. Hence, PBNPs-based multimodal imaging-guided combinational tumor therapies (such as chemo, photothermal, and photodynamic therapies) were finally reviewed. This review aims to inspire broad interest in the rational design and application of PBNPs for detecting and treating tumors in clinical research.
Highlights
To date, cancer is still one of the most prevalent and deadliest diseases globally, with more than 200 different types of cancer that can result in more than 60 organ dysfunctions [1]
This review provides a summary of strategies that use PB nanoparticles (PBNPs) as an electron transfer mediator and as a promising theranostic agent for several biomedical applications involving tumors
We focused on the feasibility of using PBNPs as electrocatalysts to enhance the diagnostic specificity between the biomarkers and tumors via the simultaneous determination of multiple tumor markers in electrochemical immunosensors
Summary
Cancer is still one of the most prevalent and deadliest diseases globally, with more than 200 different types of cancer that can result in more than 60 organ dysfunctions [1]. Several strategies for signal amplification have been used to enhance the electrochemical response Strategies such as the application of different nanomaterials have been applied to improve the sensitivity, which is highly desired for detecting ultra-low amounts of target tumor markers. PBNPs can catalyze H2 O2 into O2 in the existence of H2 O2 to realize O2 self-supplied mode within solid tumors, and improve the hypoxia of tumors and provide conditions for photodynamic therapy (PDT) It can control the H2 O2 decomposition rate via local temperature variation of PBNPs under. Sensors 2020, 20, x FOR PEER REVIEW self-supplied mode within solid tumors, and improve the hypoxia of tumors and provide conditions for photodynamic therapy (PDT) It can control the H2O2 decomposition rate via local temperature variation of PBNPs under NIR laser irradiation [50].
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