Abstract
Corn (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop indigenous to the Americas, where its genetic biodiversity is still preserved, especially among native populations from Mesoamerica and South America. The use of metabolomics in corn has mainly focused on understanding the potential differences of corn metabolomes under different biotic and abiotic stresses or to evaluate the influence of genetic and environmental factors. The increase of diet-linked non-communicable diseases has increased the interest to optimize the content of bioactive secondary metabolites in current corn breeding programs to produce novel functional foods. This review provides perspectives on the role of metabolomics in the characterization of health-relevant metabolites in corn biodiversity and emphasizes the integration of metabolomics in breeding strategies targeting the enrichment of phenolic bioactive metabolites such as anthocyanins in corn kernels.
Highlights
Corn or maize (Zea may L. ssp. mays) is indigenous to the Americas and is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide [1]
Salazar et al [7] defined landraces or local races as the germplasm that has been cultivated for hundreds of years under traditional agriculture systems and which represent a high genetic diversity
The current review summarizes the application of metabolomics for the characterization of health promoting metabolites in corn kernels and emphasizes the importance of corn genetic diversity, especially native landraces, as potential sources of bioactive metabolites
Summary
High-performance liquid chromatography electro spray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. 2 High-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet-diode array detector electro spray ionization-mass spectrometry. 3 High-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector mass spectrometry. 5 Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector. 6 Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. 7 Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electro spray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. 8 Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Liquid chromatography electro spray ionization-quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry. Phenolic acids: Ferulic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid. Phenolic acids: ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
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