Abstract
ABSTRACT Application of the limited entry-technique has been extended to massive hydraulic fracturing (MHF) of low permeability formations, such as the Niobrara and Codell intervals of the DJ Basin. Analysis of the bottomhole pressure data of these treatments indicates that proppant alters the mechanical configuration of the perforations, as evidenced by a change in the magnitude of perforation friction in opposition to the Bernoulli constant energy equation. The practical significance of changing pressure drop across perforations in limited entry stimulation treatments is that it alters treatment fluid distribution and injection rate profiles among the multiple intervals. This can result in zonal shut-off due to insufficient pressure drop (i.e., zone fracture pressure> wellbore pressure) or zonal sand-out due to inadequate pad volumes and/or treating rate. This paper investigates the mechanisms involved in fluid and slurry flow through perforations. Fluid mechanics research and experimental laboratory and field testing are referenced. The effect of proppant on perforation friction is calibrated. Limited entry design and procedural guidelines for large scale fracturing treatments are presented to assist in achieving the desired placement of fluid and proppant into individual zones. Fundamental limitations of the limited entry technique in MHF applications are also discussed.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
