Abstract
A number of algorithms exist that can be applied to large-scale or decentralized systems where the aim is to determine controller set points such that the system operates under optimum state operating conditions. These algorithms are generally applied in a two-layer hierarchical structure, where the lower layer performs direct regulatory control and the upper layer has the task of determining the set points of the regulatory controllers. Four algorithms—the interaction prediction or direct method, the interaction balance or price method, the integrated system optimization and parameter estimation method, and the two-step approach—are examined and assessed in on-line decentralized computer control. A pilot scale vaporizer system is used as a vehicle to examine the algorithms.
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