Abstract
Background: The high influx of private and public vehicles within global cities (including Ibadan) has resulted in traffic congestion within the city centre. Ibadan North-East, an urban local government area (LGA) within the metropolitan land area of Ibadan, has been experiencing automobile accidents and traffic congestion which in turn limits emergency responders. Objectives: The broad objective of the study was to develop a digital road network database for emergency response to road traffic accident, Ibadan North East, Nigeria. Methods: This study made use of primary and secondary data to generate spatial and non-spatial data. ArcGIS 10.3 was used to create the database, analyse data and display the results. Spatial search and network analysis were carried out using a kernel density estimated tool to generate a black-spot area within Ibadan North-East. Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm in the ArcGIS Network Analysis was utilised to identify the closest health facility to the road traffic crash scene. Results: The most cost-effective haven introduced route impedance and is defined as the best route. Study findings show that dynamic distance varies from the best route to an alternative route. Also, kernel density estimation reveals that crashes widely occur in the northeastern and southwestern parts of Ibadan North-East (Iwo Road and Orita-Aperin). Incorporating live traffic data using GPS technology and traffic cameras was identified to enhance road traffic data documentation and safety. Conclusion: The study identifies GIS as a decision support system that is useful in the area of planning, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery for decision-making in road traffic-related emergency management and emergency planning services in Ibadan.
Highlights
The high influx of private and public vehicles within global cities has resulted in traffic congestion within the city centre
The study identifies GIS as a decision support system that is useful in the area of planning, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery for decision-making in road trafficrelated emergency management and emergency planning services in Ibadan
The result of the second query, when the attributes were selected from the healthcare facility types (‘Management’ = ‘public’), the analysis revealed that the healthcare facilities owned and managed by the state government in Ibadan North-East were 31 out of the 55 healthcare facilities identified in the study area
Summary
The high influx of private and public vehicles within global cities (including Ibadan) has resulted in traffic congestion within the city centre. The increasing concentration and growth of motor vehicles have been attributed to be as a result of rapid and unplanned urbanisation globally. This increasing automobile use and growth across the globe have greatly contributed to the increasing incidences of road traffic-related morbidity and mortality (Afukaar, Antwi & Ofosu-Amaah 2003; Bhagyaiah & Shrinagesh 2014; Centers for Disease Control 1988). 90% occurs in low and middle-income countries in Africa (Nantulya & Reich 2002; WHO 2011) with a projected 65% increase by 2020 (WHO 2011) This explains the health burden because of road accidents occurring in most developing nations of the world
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