Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening clinical emergency requiring rapid diagnosis and effective intervention to improve patient survival and prognosis. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) can be used to diagnose AD accurately and quickly, making it the first choice for diagnosing AD in an emergency. This article reviews the application of CTA in the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Highlights
There are many classification schemes for Aortic dissection (AD)
The results of this study indicated that when the clinical suspicion for AD is high and in the presence of complications of type A AD, such as aortic regurgitation, it would be prudent to obtain further images through transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE)/transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) to rule in or rule out the diagnosis
Stanford type B AD is mostly treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), which especially depends on imaging indications
Summary
There are many classification schemes for AD. The Stanford classification and the DeBakey classification, both of which involve the location of the intimal rupture and the scope of aortic involvement, are widely used in the clinic [1] [2] [5] [7] [12] [13] [14]. A Stanford type A dissection involves the ascending aorta, regardless of the location of the rupture; a Stanford type B dissection only involves the descending aorta distal to the opening of the left subclavian artery [2] [5] [14]. A tear in a DeBakey type I dissection is located in the ascending aorta and involves the descending aorta as well; a DeBakey type II dissection involves only the ascending aorta; and a rupture in a type III dissection is located at the distal opening of the left subclavian artery, involving the descending aorta and abdominal aorta downward. Experts proposed the “301 classification” [17] by modifying the Stanford type B to facilitate endovascular repair regimen development, prognostic evaluation, and follow-up for type B AD patients
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