Abstract
In this study, a numerical representative volume element (RVE) model was used to predict the mechanical properties of a Rice Husk Particulate (RHP)-Epoxy composite for use as an alternative material in non-critical applications. Seven different analytical models Counto, Ishai-Cohen, Halpin-Tsai, Nielsen, Nicolais, Modified Nicolais and Pukanszky were used as comparison tools for the numerical model. RHP-Epoxy biocomposite samples were fabricated with 0%, 10% and 30% RHP volume percentage and the experimental results benchmarked against the numerical and analytical projections. The mechanical properties estimated for 0%, 10% and 30% RHP-Epoxy composites using the numerical and analytical models were in general agreement. Using the analytical models, it was calculated that an increase in volume percentage of RHP to 30% led to continual reduction in elastic Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength of the composite. The numerical RVE models also predicted a similar trend between filler volume percentage and material properties. These projections were consistent with the experimental results whereby a 10% increase in RHP content led to 15% and 20% decrease in yield stress and tensile strength, but had no effect on the composite’s elastic property. Further increase in RHP volume percentage to 30% resulted in 8%, 21% and 28% reduction in Young’s modulus, yield stress and tensile strength, respectively. Overall, the results of this study suggest that RHP can be used to reduce the composite raw material costs by replacing the more expensive polymer content with agricultural waste products with limited compromise to the composite’s mechanical properties.
Highlights
Polymer composites are widely used materials with applications in multiple industries [1]
The onset of deformation bands was observed near the particle’s proximity in all models, in 10% volume fraction percentage structures. These bands appeared to be oriented at 45 degrees from the direction of the applied load, consistent with the observation made by Borbely et al [39] and the experimental results reported by Wang et al [40]
Theoretical results calculated for 0%, 10% and 30% white rice husk ash in polypropylene (WRHA-PP) composites were compared to existing experimental values and used to validate the numerical model’s effectiveness in predicting the mechanical properties of particulate-filled composites
Summary
Polymer composites are widely used materials with applications in multiple industries [1]. Its versatility that led to subsequent rise in polymer consumption has prompted an increase in research on alternative materials to address the associated environmental concerns. At the forefront of this research is the investigation on potential applications of biocomposites as a more sustainable replacement to the traditional polymer composites. Biocomposites are polymer matrix composites that utilize organic fillers materials. Typical organic fillers are derived from plant-based materials such as wood, cotton, kenaf, jute, hemp, and rice. The majority of these materials are obtained as wastes or by-products from other agricultural processes
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