The application and effectiveness of fly ash granule using tapioca flour and sugarcane molasses as granule agents for soil ameliorant and fertilizer

Abstract

The most popular fly ash application as coal combustion energy waste is as a mixing agent for cemented infrastructure and building construction. However, due to its appropriate various mineral content from vegetation fossil, the usage for fertilizer and soil amelioration agent was tested in small pots on the field. The experiment’s purpose was to confirm the effectiveness of fly ash granule application using tapioca flour and sugar cane molasses as granule agents for soil ameliorant and fertilizer. Specifically, for the sorghum growth, development, and potential bioethanol yield harvested in the vegetative stage. The granule binding agents’ source is from an agricultural product, byproduct, or agricultural waste. Hence, environmental management and the fly ash granules’ production system exhibit the advantage of a sustainable production system. The concentration of 10% of the granule binding agents concentration for the application at a rate of 8 tons ha−1 was effective enough to improve the soil properties, plant growth, and the doubling of potential bioethanol yield.